There is no evidence for improved live-birth rates or
decreased pregnancy complications with the use of metformin
either before conception or during pregnancy (level A).

Consensus on women’s health
aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS): the Amsterdam ESHRE/
ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS
Consensus Workshop Group
Bart C. J. M. Fauser, M.D.,a Basil C. Tarlatzis, M.D.,b Robert W. Rebar, M.D.,c Richard S. Legro, M.D.,d
Adam H. Balen, M.D.,e Roger Lobo, M.D.,f Enrico Carmina, M.D.,g Jeffrey Chang, M.D.,h Bulent O. Yildiz, M.D.,i
Joop S. E. Laven, M.D.,j Jacky Boivin, M.D.,k Felice Petraglia, M.D.,l C. N. Wijeyeratne, M.D.,m
Robert J. Norman, M.D.,n Andrea Dunaif, M.D.,o Stephen Franks, M.D.,p Robert A. Wild, M.D.,q Daniel Dumesic, M.D.,r
and Kurt Barnhart, M.D.s
a University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; b Medical School of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; c University of Alabama,
Birmingham, Alabama; d Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania; e Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, United Kingdom;
f Columbia University, New York, New York; g University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; h University of California, San Diego, California;
i Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; j Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; k Cardiff
University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; l University of Siena, Siena, Italy; m University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka; n Robinson Institute,
University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; o Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; p Imperial College, London,
United Kingdom; q Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; r University of California, Los Angeles, California; and s University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Polycystic